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Investment platforms are great, but they need to up their game
Investment platforms have opened up investing for many people. But their pricing structures are obscure and switching between them is expensive and slow.
Hargreaves Lansdown: the granddaddy of investment platforms
At a panel I chaired a few weeks ago, a representative of a well-known investment platform took the chief executive of a well-known fund management firm to task for the high fees his sector charges. "Glass houses", came the reply, "glass houses" (I paraphrase).
The audience considered this to be fair comment. After all, the granddaddy of the platform sector, Hargreaves Lansdown, regularly reports profit margins of upwards of 40% to its happy shareholders. None of the others, as far as I know, gets to those heady levels of profit, but they have a pretty good stab at it as anyone who has attempted to figure out how much their investment platform charges them every year will know.
Investment platforms need greater transparency
There are admin charges, dealing charges, regular investment charges, dividend reinvestment charges, charges for holding cash, charges for withdrawing cash and, of course, exit fees for those who try to leave. But it is all made more complicated by the fact that all the platforms offer different structures.
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Some have minimum monthly charges, while others cap the monthly charges. Some give you a number of "free" trades a year or waive the admin fee if you trade in any given month. Some charge flat fees and others charge percentage-based fees. It's all horribly confusing and there is no one way through it.
You can't just look at the basic platform fee, figure it gives you enough of a signal and take it from there: you have to factor in your own behaviour. The price, you see, will be different depending on how you invest how often you trade and which products you trade in and out of, such as shares, exchange-traded funds, funds or retail bonds.
A half-percentage point difference in expenses on a £500,000 self-invested personal pension (Sipp) growing at 6% over a ten-year period will make a difference to your retirement wealth of £40,000. But it also isn't just about cost. You will also want to factor in your own ideas of what constitutes value.
Is it purely tip-top service? Is it research and portfolio tools? Is it the certain knowledge that the platform is solvent? No one wants the admin hell of a bankrupt Sipp provider. Or perhaps, as it is for me, is it the ability to exercise what should be your rights as a shareholder (some platforms are better than others at making it relatively easy for you to vote at AGMs, for example)?
Enter the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Its interim report on investment platforms, published this week, has looked at the market, come to some tentative conclusions and offered some tentative recommendations. It's all focused, quite rightly, on value for money. The FCA is bothered by lack of transparency and complications when it comes to charges. It points out that some platforms charge double that of the cheaper alternatives (from 0.22% to 0.54%) and that the uninitiated can have some trouble working out how that happens.
These are valid concerns, particularly given that the FCA found that 29% of users do not know whether they pay platform charges, or think they do not pay any.
However I am not sure any regulatory action is required here and certainly there is no reason to make everyone have the same fee system. As long as providers are encouraged to make their fees transparent, comprehensible and comparable, that side of things is fine.
I don't mean that they shouldn't be nagged relentlessly about their fees. Of course they should. They could be encouraged to charge the same for trading and holding all asset classes; to stop charging people for holding cash (this is just plain wrong); and to lay everything out on their websites rather more clearly, for example.
However it is worth noting this nagging is well under way and that services already exist that allow you to work out your total charges. Comparefundplatforms.com gives you total annual costs of investing your particular mixture of funds and shares. Yourbroker.info does something similar. You can also go to AJ Bell's youinvest.co.uk, take a stab at what kind of assets you might hold and how much you might trade them and check out what their charges will come to compared with those of the "market leader" (always Hargreaves Lansdown and always more expensive). None of this is 100% easy, but the market is providing (as usual) and it isn't that hard either.
Transfers between investment platforms should be cheap, quick and easy
What really matters, then, is not how each platform operates. It is that if we don't like how it operates and want to switch, we can do it quickly, easily and cheaply.
Competition in the fintech market might mean that a new platform suddenly looks better than the old. You might decide you want to use managed portfolio tools that come cheaper elsewhere. You might want better service. You might be shifting from being a stock investor to being a fund investor. Whatever. You have to be able to make that decision and check out.
Successful and honest competition relies on customers being able to switch products as and when they like. That doesn't happen now. Instead, the FCA report tells us that the switching process is "complex and time consuming". It is possible to complete a transfer in a few weeks, and some do. But I am told that very often it takes two months and in the worst cases sometimes five months. Imagine the stress of either being out of the market (when all providers tell you endlessly how risky that is) or having your assets in limbo for that long.
Transferring can also be bizarrely expensive: to shift a £500,000 Sipp portfolio from one platform to another can cost up to £1,300. No wonder that 7% of consumers have tried to switch and failed.
So what should the FCA do? Lay down the law very firmly on transfers. Platforms should be allowed to charge only for the admin of shifting assets or cash. They should be given a pretty tight time window in which to do it, say ten days at most. Let's not forget that you can now move a bank account with all its attendant complications of standing orders and direct debits in a maximum of seven days. If that can be done for platforms, the market will, I think, sort the rest out.
This is a very competitive sector full of incumbents and entrepreneurs working to improve it all the time. To be a better sector it needs customers to be able to take advantage of that fast.
This article was first published in the Financial Times
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