How tough are your stocks?

With the economy still struggling, you need to know whether your stocks are in danger of going bust, says Tim Bennett. Here, he explains the two ratios to watch out for.

Want to know if a firm is in danger of going bust? Forget the profit and loss account. Companies can look as though they are generating decent profits on paper, almost right up until the point they file for bankruptcy. If you want to test financial strength, you need to look at the balance sheet.

Indeed, Sir David Tweedie, the ex-head of the International Accounting Standards Board, reckons this is the most important financial statement for any investor to look at. But what are you looking for? There are two straightforward tests you can use to determine how sound a company's finances are. One is the Altman Z score, the other the Piotrosksi score. Here's how they work.

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Tim graduated with a history degree from Cambridge University in 1989 and, after a year of travelling, joined the financial services firm Ernst and Young in 1990, qualifying as a chartered accountant in 1994.

He then moved into financial markets training, designing and running a variety of courses at graduate level and beyond for a range of organisations including the Securities and Investment Institute and UBS. He joined MoneyWeek in 2007.