How Softbank went from a tech investor to a big hedge fund
Softbank, the Japanese technology investor, appears to be gambling rather than investing these days. Shareholders are rattled. Matthew Partridge reports.


The Japanese conglomerate SoftBank, run by Masayoshi Son, is among the world’s “biggest and most controversial” technology firms, say Matthew Field and Hasan Chowdhury in The Daily Telegraph. While it is known to focus on “young, privately-held companies”, SoftBank is now revealed to have made large bets on publicly-traded tech companies too.
It purchased $4bn of call options on tech firms. These instruments, which allow it to buy a stock at a certain price, turned the firm into a “whale”: an investor so large they automatically drive the market up if they make a purchase.
SoftBank may claim to have made $4bn in paper profits from its unusual strategy, but it is unclear whether any money will remain once the dust clears, says Jennifer Hughes on Breakingviews. Already, a “sharp downturn” in US tech stocks at the end of last week has wiped more than 10% off the Nasdaq Composite index (see page 4).
Subscribe to MoneyWeek
Subscribe to MoneyWeek today and get your first six magazine issues absolutely FREE

Sign up to Money Morning
Don't miss the latest investment and personal finances news, market analysis, plus money-saving tips with our free twice-daily newsletter
Don't miss the latest investment and personal finances news, market analysis, plus money-saving tips with our free twice-daily newsletter
At the same time, SoftBank’s own shares tumbled by 5% once its activities in the options market were revealed, cutting its market cap by $7bn. In any case, even if the deals make money, this is “beside the point”: SoftBank investors can bet on publicly-traded US tech stocks “without Son’s assistance”.
A poor record
It’s hard to disagree with investors who feel that not only is Son’s gambling luck unlikely to hold, but his company also shouldn’t be behaving like a “drunken hedge fund”, says Nils Pratley in The Guardian. After all, Son’s record on timing market movements over short periods “does not impress” given that he lost $70bn during the dotcom crash in the 2000s.
The entire episode suggests that Son now prefers the “fun” of “leveraged bets and short-term risk-taking” to the more complicated task of finding long-term opportunities. These latest revelations not only raise questions about Son’s judgement, which had been called into question before, but also underlines concerns about how “poorly governed” and “financially opaque” the Japanese tech group is, says Lex in the Financial Times. Even before the latest debacle, SoftBank’s reports were just a “mish-mash” of valuation swings – many of which have proven to be wide of the mark – and extracts from the reports of companies Softbank invested in. Investors need to realise that, despite SoftBank’s public listing and retail investor base, it is little more than a “big hedge fund”.
All these problems have resulted in SoftBank having a “deep discount” to its stated net assets, says Jacky Wong in The Wall Street Journal. Ironically, this discount had started to narrow from its March peak thanks to the prudent decision to sell or monetise $42bn-worth of assets to buy back shares and redeem debt. All the progress looks set to be reversed as the “lack of transparency” on this new investment gambit widens this discount further.
Matthew graduated from the University of Durham in 2004; he then gained an MSc, followed by a PhD at the London School of Economics.
He has previously written for a wide range of publications, including the Guardian and the Economist, and also helped to run a newsletter on terrorism. He has spent time at Lehman Brothers, Citigroup and the consultancy Lombard Street Research.
Matthew is the author of Superinvestors: Lessons from the greatest investors in history, published by Harriman House, which has been translated into several languages. His second book, Investing Explained: The Accessible Guide to Building an Investment Portfolio, is published by Kogan Page.
As senior writer, he writes the shares and politics & economics pages, as well as weekly Blowing It and Great Frauds in History columns He also writes a fortnightly reviews page and trading tips, as well as regular cover stories and multi-page investment focus features.
Follow Matthew on Twitter: @DrMatthewPartri
-
House prices are falling in London but how does it compare to the rest of the UK?
Advice The capital remains the most expensive part of the UK to buy a property, but it isn’t being as badly hit by the housing market slump. Where are London house prices heading?
By Marc Shoffman Published
-
Will a Santa Rally provide festive cheer for investors this year?
News Equities often get a seasonal boost during December - will there be a Santa Rally in 2023?
By Marc Shoffman Published
-
Crypto is “Monopoly money”
FTX won't be the last crypto scandal, because cryptocurrencies mirror the worst aspects of the finance industry.
By Alex Rankine Published
-
OpenAI – corporate drama unleashed
OpenAI, the firm behind ChatGPT, was in uproar as its boss was booted out, briefly snapped up by Microsoft and then brought back again.
By Dr Matthew Partridge Published
-
Can Lidiane Jones be Bumble's perfect match?
Dating app Bumble is taking on Lidiane Jones, a well-regarded leader in tech, as its new boss. Can she work her magic in a new arena?
By Jane Lewis Published
-
Are corporate bonds a good bet?
Corporate bonds pay a slightly higher yield than governments, but spreads aren’t generous by past standards.
By Cris Sholto Heaton Published
-
SoftBank’s shares slump on quarterly loss
Japanese investment group SoftBank’s technology funds have struggled, not least because of an investment in WeWork.
By Dr Matthew Partridge Published
-
M&S shares shift from frumpy to fabulous as pre-tax profits are up by 56%
M&S is performing strongly and has announced it will pay a dividend for the first time since the pandemic.
By Dr Matthew Partridge Published
-
The rise and fall of Sam Bankman-Fried – the “boy wonder of crypto”
Why the fate of Sam Bankman-Fried reminds us to be wary of digital tokens and unregulated financial intermediaries.
By Jane Lewis Published
-
Three defence stocks set to flourish in an era of instability
A professional investor tells MoneyWeek where he’d put his money. Tom Bailey highlights three defence stocks that look promising.
By Tom Bailey Published