Great frauds in history: Jeff Carpoff’s green Ponzi scheme

Jeff Carpoff, born in 1970, trained as a car mechanic before setting up RoverLand USA, which became one of the largest independent certified Land Rover and Jaguar repair facilities in America. A chance encounter with a client who wanted to have solar panels installed, but was worried about them being stolen, led Jeff and his wife, Paulette, to set up DC Solar, a new company that provided mobile solar-power generators. The company quickly established a reputation as a major player in the solar industry, providing temporary generators for a range of clients, including a concert by the pop star Pink.

What was the scam?

Between 2011 and 2018, DC Solar decided to fund its expansion by selling its generators to investors through its subsidiary DC Solar Solutions, with the idea that another subsidiary, DC Solar Distribution, would lease them back, paying investors a generous rate of return. However, DC Solar was unable to make much money from renting out generators and it quickly turned into a Ponzi scheme. DC Solar claimed to have 17,600 generators, but only 6,600 could later be located – early investors were paid from the money received by new sales. The Carpoffs skimmed large amounts of money from their company to acquire properties, private jets, and even a minor league baseball team.

By late 2019 DC Solar was supposedly doing well enough for the Carpoffs to invite the rapper Pitbull to headline the company’s Christmas party. Only a few days later the FBI raided the Carpoffs’ home, arrested the couple, and seized business records and personal assets, including most of their luxury cars, including the 1978 Firebird previously owned by actor Burt Reynolds, and $1.8m in cash. DC Solar was forced to declare bankruptcy. By January 2020 the couple had pleaded guilty to defrauding investors and laundering money. Covid-19 has delayed their formal sentencing. Jeff Carpoff faces up to 30 years and his wife up to 15 years.

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Investors put a total of $2.7bn into DC Solar, both directly and via investment funds. Much of this was in the form of promissory notes, but large upfront payments of cash of around $900m were also made. Liquidators expect to recover only a fraction of that from a sale of assets. To add insult to injury, the investors, including Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway, will have to repay the generous tax credits they received for investing in green energy, proving that it’s a bad idea to invest in a scheme just for the potential tax breaks.