The world in 2040: five potential market movers
Matthew Lynn takes an imaginary look back from 2040 at five of the biggest events to hit markets


1. IBM buys Google and Facebook
In the 2020s, Google and Facebook were two of the most successful companies in the world with a combined market value of $1.8trn. IBM was a dull old conglomerate that blew its lead in computing a lifetime ago and was worth only $100bn. And yet there is a reason why the story of the tortoise and the hare is such an enduring fable. Competitors began chipping away at Google’s dominance; Facebook lost traction with younger customers. IBM had already piloted its way through 100 years of technology, from tabulating machines, to mainframes, to software services, and somehow managed to keep reinventing itself. In the 2030s it decided that a much shrunken Google and Facebook still had some useful software and snapped both of them up at a knock-down price.
2. Britain rejoins the EU; France leaves
The election of Marion Maréchal Le Pen in the 2027 presidential election in France changed everything. After France left the EU in 2030, as the only way to restore the franc, the EU changed dramatically. With Spain and Poland as its leading powers, and with Germany taking a back seat, it swept away its federalising ambitions and turned into a loose, free-trade organisation. The Commission was cut down to size and the parliament scrapped. The Polish invitation to rejoin in 2038 was put to a referendum by the ageing prime minister Ed Miliband, and won decisively.
3. AstraZeneca becomes world No.1
The failure of its overhyped Covid-19 vaccine turned out to be only a blip in the steady rise of AstraZeneca. As the pandemic worsened, governments around the world loosed restrictions on medical technology, permitting first “challenge vaccines” – those developed as a result of deliberately infecting volunteers – then DNA manipulation, and finally fewer regulatory hurdles and protection against litigation for pharma firms. As it happened, the coronavirus just petered out – experts later concluded it mutated into a harmless bug by late 2021 – but the innovation the crisis kick-started generated results in later years. Vaccines for most cancers were developed and the disease was virtually eliminated, and drugs to cure heart disease, dementia and Alzheimer’s became commonplace. AstraZeneca’s range of cancer vaccines pushed its market value beyond $5trn.
Subscribe to MoneyWeek
Subscribe to MoneyWeek today and get your first six magazine issues absolutely FREE

Sign up to Money Morning
Don't miss the latest investment and personal finances news, market analysis, plus money-saving tips with our free twice-daily newsletter
Don't miss the latest investment and personal finances news, market analysis, plus money-saving tips with our free twice-daily newsletter
4. Tesla relocated to Mars
It was only after Tesla’s eccentric boss Elon Musk became the richest man on the planet and after his company had acquired both Toyota and Volkswagen, that people paid attention to his declaration in 2020 that Mars would not only be colonised by his SpaceX company , but that it would also be a “free planet” not subject to Earth-made laws. By the late 2030s, SpaceX had already established a pioneering colony on Mars, and after the US Securities Exchange Commission launched an investigation into Musk’s management of the firm he moved its HQ there permanently, as well as its listing, declaring that no Earth-based body had jurisdiction over his company. But the Mars Stock Exchange got off to a wobbly start, crashing soon after it was launched, despite the enthusiasm of investors.
5. The FTSE 100 hits 25,000
After the Covid-19 crash of 2020, the FTSE 100 was below the level it was trading at when the century started. With the economy in deep recession, it struggled over the next few years, but by the late 2020s it took off spectacularly and by 2040 had risen almost five-fold to hit 25,000. Leaving the EU freed the economy from a raft of regulations and led to a boom in technology start-ups outside of Europe’s restrictive data laws. It led the way in fintech – especially after Monzo took over Barclays – and in artificial intelligence. Its pharma firms rode a wave of medical innovation and its oil giants reinvented themselves as green energy conglomerates, even as fossil fuels were banned in Europe and the US. At the end of those two decades it went from being the worst major market in the world to the best.
Get the latest financial news, insights and expert analysis from our award-winning MoneyWeek team, to help you understand what really matters when it comes to your finances.
Matthew Lynn is a columnist for Bloomberg, and writes weekly commentary syndicated in papers such as the Daily Telegraph, Die Welt, the Sydney Morning Herald, the South China Morning Post and the Miami Herald. He is also an associate editor of Spectator Business, and a regular contributor to The Spectator. Before that, he worked for the business section of the Sunday Times for ten years.
He has written books on finance and financial topics, including Bust: Greece, The Euro and The Sovereign Debt Crisis and The Long Depression: The Slump of 2008 to 2031. Matthew is also the author of the Death Force series of military thrillers and the founder of Lume Books, an independent publisher.
-
Tesla seeks approval to supply electricity to UK homes – could it disrupt the energy market?
Tesla has applied for a license to supply UK households with electricity, but taking on the biggest providers could prove challenging
-
Most Brits unaware onshore bonds can help beat inheritance tax – here’s how
A little-known perk of certain types of bonds can let your loved ones off the hook when it comes to inheritance tax – but two-thirds of people have never heard of them
-
How Trump's dog deals will damage global trade with the US
Opinion Some commentators are hailing Trump’s trading savvy. Are they right?
-
Emerging markets must deliver growth
Emerging markets have benefitted from the rotation away from the US – but can the rally last?
-
Global equities that should prove resilient to the stock market’s storms
Opinion Alex Illingworth of Goshawk Asset Management highlights three diverse opportunities in global equities despite a turbulent landscape
-
Philip Coggan: 'Donald Trump means business on tariffs'
Interview What could Trump's tariffs mean for the US and global economies? Philip Coggan, former columnist at the Financial Times and The Economist, explains
-
Will the global boom in defence spending drive economic growth?
Defence spending is soaring, and politicians in the UK and Europe are telling voters it will be a major boost to economic growth. But is that really the case?
-
The true nature of economic growth
Opinion The feds making a number go up is one thing; true economic growth is quite another, says Bill Bonner
-
'Capitalism is suffering death by a thousand cuts': Ruchir Sharma talks to MoneyWeek
Interview Ruchir Sharma, author of What Went Wrong with Capitalism, explains how free enterprise in developed economies has been undermined by continual state interference
-
Israel claims victory in the '12-day war' with Iran
Donald Trump may have announced a ceasefire in the 12-day war between Israel and Iran, but what comes next depends on what happens internally in Iran