Workers are set for a further national insurance tax cut in April following today’s Spring Budget.
Hunt had already used last year’s Autumn Statement to unveil a 2 percentage points drop in Class 1 employee national insurance (NI) rates from 12% to 10% that started from 6 January 2024.
He used his latest fiscal update to announce another 2p cut that will take employee NI from 10% to 8% from the new tax year in April.
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The Treasury said an average worker earning £35,400 a year will be more than £900 better off this year as a result of the changes.
The chancellor also said he will reduce class 4 NI contributions – paid by the self-employed - from the 8% it was lowered to in the Autumn Statement to 6%.
This could mean the average worker earning £28,000 will be £650 better off compared with last year, the Treasury said.
What is national insurance?
NI is the second largest source of income for the government.
National Insurance Contributions (NICs) are paid by both employees and employers.
Class 1 NI is charged on employee annual earnings between £12,571 and £50,270.
A fixed percentage is deducted from a person’s pay packet, and how much you pay dictates your eligibility for state benefits such as the state pension.
Will the NI cut help workers?
Ultimately, the more you earn, the more you pay in NI and the more you will save from these changes.
The median salary in the UK is currently around £28,000 so 2p off Class 1 NICs will add £309 a year to that salary, according to analysis by Evelyn Partners.
Someone earning £40,000 a year would gain £549 and higher rate or additional rate taxpayers on a salary greater than £50,270 would see their annual disposable income rise by £754.
Taken together with the January cut, this move on NI amounts to a total tax cut – compared to the situation in 2023 - of an annual £618 for a median earner and £1,508 for higher earners, or £51.50 a month and £125.60 respectively, says Toby Tallon, tax partner at Evelyn Partners.
But he warns that taxpayers are still hit by frozen tax thresholds that cause fiscal drag.
“(The NI change) would be a reasonably significant tax cut in isolation, but it is swimming against a rising tide of taxation due to frozen or falling allowances and thresholds, not just for income tax but also capital gains, dividend and inheritance taxes,” he says.
“The drop in NICs will provide temporary respite against that rising tax burden, but will just push down the road by a year or two the point at which the overall tax situation for most people starts to feel more onerous again.
| Salary | 2023 | Jan-April 2024 | April 2024 onward | Change from 2023 to April 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| £15,000 | £291.6 | £243 | £194.4 | £97.2 |
| £25,000 | £1,491.6 | £1,243 | £994.4 | £497.2 |
| £35,000 | £2,691.6 | £2,243 | £1,794.4 | £897.2 |
| £50,000 | £4,491.6 | £3,743 | £2,994.4 | £1,497.2 |
| £75,000 | £5,018.6 | £4,264.6 | £3,510.6 | £1,508 |
| £85,000 | £5,218.6 | £4,464.6 | £3,710.6 | £1,508 |
| £100,000 | £5,518.6 | £4,764.6 | £4,010.6 | £1,508 |
Source: AJ Bell. Figures show annual National Insurance bill.
AJ Bell also highlights that higher earners may feel short-changed as their NI savings are around the same as someone earning half.
The investment platform highlights that someone earning £100,000 will save £754 on their tax bill, only a bit more than someone on £50,000 who would save £749.
“While some may struggle to muster up much sympathy for those earning six-figures, this move has a huge impact on single earner households,” says Laura Suter, director of personal finance at AJ Bell.
“A couple each earning £50,000 a year will see their combined national insurance bill cut by almost £1,500 a year but a sole earner on £100,000 will only save £754 a year.”
Sarah Coles, head of personal finance at Hargreaves Lansdown, adds that this cut doesn’t benefit those of state pension age who may have stopped working and no longer pay NI.
Meanwhile, Susan Waites, partner at Hymans Robertson, warns that the cut risks dis-incentivising pension saving as it erodes the savings an employee makes by sacrificing pay for pension contributions versus the savings their employer makes.
“Although the increase in take home pay would outweigh the increase in the cost of pension contributions, this is still cuts across Government intentions and industry efforts to incentivise employees to pay much more into their workplace pensions, she says.
“Some employers choose to pay some or all of their NIC saving into the employee’s pension. We would encourage those that don’t to consider doing that.”
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