Credit cards are pretty evil things. I think we all know that. But a quick read of Robert Shiller and George Akelof’s new book, Phishing for Phools, gives a glimpse into just how much ill owning a credit card can do to our spending habits.
There has long been evidence that people with credit cards spend more than those without – one study showed that those paying with credit cards tend to leave tips worth 13% more than those that pay with cash.
But there is evidence that this isn’t just about personalities (those who apply for credit cards might just be a different type of person than those who do not). Instead, it is about the cards themselves.
Psychologist Richard Feinberg ran an interesting experiment in 1986 where he took two groups of people and asked them how much they would spend on seven different items (with pictures) – two dresses, a tent, a lamp, an electric typewriter, a man’s sweater and a chess set.
One group answered the questions sitting in a room with Mastercard logos scattered around it (they were told this was for another experiment). The other (the control group) did it in an undoctored room. You’ll have guessed the result: every product went for “significantly more” in the subject group than it did in the control group – 11% more for the tent and 50% more for the dresses.
A similar experiment – timed and done on a screen with a Mastercard logo in the corner showed the same thing: people were prepared to pay three times as much for a toaster when the Mastercard logo was in their frame of vision. Nuts, but true. Credit cards don’t just get you to spend more: they get you to spend “quite a bit more”.
This explains why retailers rarely charge fees for paying with credit cards (despite the fact that providers charge them a significant amount for the service): they don’t want to discourage you! They don’t give discounts for cash either, for the same reason.
This might also be one more reason why our consumption-obsessed central bankers would like to ban cash (more on this here) and force all our spending to be done on cards. If the end game of monetary policy is to try and make us spend more and hence raise aggregate demand (as it is at the moment) the more we use cards (and the more we spend) the better. That’s an obvious infringement of our right to manage our own psychological biases – and hence of our financial freedom.
Cash isn’t banned yet. So, for now, readers looking to spend less might want to leave their cards at home when they go shopping. They might also want to sign my colleagues’ petition demanding a guarantee from our central bank and government that we will never be forced to use cards over cash when we don’t want to. You can do this here.
