Why food and fuel subsidies will push up debt
Many governments have adopted subsidies or tax breaks to shield households and businesses from rising food and fuel prices. But that's just causing government deficits and debt to balloon.

“A surge in food and fuel prices is raising pressure on governments around the world to pick up the tab for consumers,” says The Wall Street Journal. “Spooked by protests that have broken out recently from Bangkok to Sicily, many governments have adopted subsidies or tax breaks to shield households and businesses.”
Yet these handouts are causing government deficits and debt to balloon, just as borrowing costs are rising. In the eurozone, for example, governments are likely to run budget deficits of 4.5% of GDP on average this year.
Governments have become used to the idea that ever-higher spending is both “manageable and sensible”, says Mike Dolan on Reuters, thanks to years of low inflation and low interest rates. This assumption will now be tested by a sharp shift in the economic environment.
Subscribe to MoneyWeek
Subscribe to MoneyWeek today and get your first six magazine issues absolutely FREE

Sign up to Money Morning
Don't miss the latest investment and personal finances news, market analysis, plus money-saving tips with our free twice-daily newsletter
Don't miss the latest investment and personal finances news, market analysis, plus money-saving tips with our free twice-daily newsletter
“In a one-two punch, pandemic lockdowns first floored borrowing rates and exploded government borrowing to prop up economies. But a rush to reboot created wild price distortions and supply bottlenecks that appear persistent and have now been exaggerated by an energy and commodity price squeeze since Russia invaded Ukraine.”
Interest rates are likely to rise in response, increasing the cost of carrying so much public debt, says asset manager Janus Henderson. Global government debt rose to $65.4trn in 2021, up 7.8%, with every country increasing its borrowing.
Yet interest costs were just $1.01trn – equivalent to a record low interest rate of 1.6%. In 2022, debts will rise further – to a forecast $71.6trn, up 9.5% – while higher rates will raise interest costs by an estimated 14.5%. The UK will see an especially sharp rise, because inflation-linked bonds account for around 25% of outstanding government debt.
• SEE ALSO: The bond-market bloodbath isn’t over yet
Get the latest financial news, insights and expert analysis from our award-winning MoneyWeek team, to help you understand what really matters when it comes to your finances.
Alex is an investment writer who has been contributing to MoneyWeek since 2015. He has been the magazine’s markets editor since 2019.
Alex has a passion for demystifying the often arcane world of finance for a general readership. While financial media tends to focus compulsively on the latest trend, the best opportunities can lie forgotten elsewhere.
He is especially interested in European equities – where his fluent French helps him to cover the continent’s largest bourse – and emerging markets, where his experience living in Beijing, and conversational Chinese, prove useful.
Hailing from Leeds, he studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics at the University of Oxford. He also holds a Master of Public Health from the University of Manchester.
-
Tesla seeks approval to supply electricity to UK homes – could it disrupt the energy market?
Tesla has applied for a license to supply UK households with electricity, but taking on the biggest providers could prove challenging
-
Most Brits unaware onshore bonds can help beat inheritance tax – here’s how
A little-known perk of certain types of bonds can let your loved ones off the hook when it comes to inheritance tax – but two-thirds of people have never heard of them
-
How Trump's dog deals will damage global trade with the US
Opinion Some commentators are hailing Trump’s trading savvy. Are they right?
-
Emerging markets must deliver growth
Emerging markets have benefitted from the rotation away from the US – but can the rally last?
-
Global equities that should prove resilient to the stock market’s storms
Opinion Alex Illingworth of Goshawk Asset Management highlights three diverse opportunities in global equities despite a turbulent landscape
-
Philip Coggan: 'Donald Trump means business on tariffs'
Interview What could Trump's tariffs mean for the US and global economies? Philip Coggan, former columnist at the Financial Times and The Economist, explains
-
Will the global boom in defence spending drive economic growth?
Defence spending is soaring, and politicians in the UK and Europe are telling voters it will be a major boost to economic growth. But is that really the case?
-
The true nature of economic growth
Opinion The feds making a number go up is one thing; true economic growth is quite another, says Bill Bonner
-
'Capitalism is suffering death by a thousand cuts': Ruchir Sharma talks to MoneyWeek
Interview Ruchir Sharma, author of What Went Wrong with Capitalism, explains how free enterprise in developed economies has been undermined by continual state interference
-
Israel claims victory in the '12-day war' with Iran
Donald Trump may have announced a ceasefire in the 12-day war between Israel and Iran, but what comes next depends on what happens internally in Iran