Why helium is headed a lot higher

Every now and then, a niche commodity comes along: some rare yet essential substance that the world simply can’t get enough of. Small-cap natural resource companies (particularly Canadian ones), are quick to “pivot”, as the corporate jargon goes, and “focus” on said commodity. Word gets out that there is a shortage. Next thing you know, you have an investment mania. I’ve seen it happen with potash, graphite, rare earth metals, cobalt, vanadium, even marijuana (though quite how essential that is, I’m not so sure). 

Such manias never last, but they can be very profitable if you get your timing right. And I think I’ve spotted the next one – helium. In fact, I’m quite pleased to have been early on this one, alerting readers at the start of 2019 that there was a looming supply-demand imbalance.

Why we’re short of helium

Despite its prevalence across the universe, helium is rare on Earth. It is usually found with oil and natural gas. The US is the world’s largest producer, accounting for roughly 40% of supply. However, the US National Helium Reserve in Amarillo, Texas, the world’s single largest source of helium for the past 70 years, is now exhausted. Where will the replacement helium come from?

This question has been driving helium prices higher. Globally, the helium market is thought to be worth in the region of $2bn, so it’s not big. It’s also an over-the-counter market (rather than exchange-traded), so prices are hard to track. But US auction results show a 135% price rise in the past 12 months. 

We associate helium with party balloons, but its uses are rather more high tech. It has the lowest boiling point of any element and is inert, so it’s used as a coolant in nuclear reactors, MRI machines and particle accelerators. It purges gas in rocket engine systems. Helium-filled hard drives boost capacity by 50% (long story short, helium takes up less space than air) and energy efficiency by 23%, so there is huge demand from data centres – TV streaming giant Netflix uses lots of it. Helium is also key to the manufacture of barcode readers, computer chips, semiconductors, LCD panels and fibre optic cable. 

Lockheed Martin is developing hybrid helium cargo airships, which may be the trucks and ships of the future. Google’s Loon project aims to bring internet access to rural and remote communities worldwide, using an aerial wireless network of high-altitude, helium-filled balloons floating on the edge of space.

Investing in helium

The way to play all this is to buy helium explorers and producers. But these are in short supply too. In the UK, £8m market cap Aim-listed oil and gas group Solo Oil (LSE: SOLO) has a stake in Tanzanian explorer Helium One, but Solo is not a pure helium play and will rise and fall with its other oil and gas assets. Plus, like so many Aim-listed natural resource stocks, its share price keeps sliding. It was £21 in 2014. Now it’s £1.20.

So we have to look to the Canadian market. One option is Royal Helium (TSX-V: RHC), but I am wary of this one for various reasons. It has prospective licences in Saskatchewan, Canada. At one point this year it was a 3c stock. But now it’s more than ten times that. My preferred pick, and the one I own, is Desert Mountain Energy (TSX-V: DME). It has two large land packages in the US, one in Arizona and one in Oklahoma. It is well funded and the share structure is tight (60m shares, fully diluted – ie including options, warrants etc). Its market cap is C$50m. 

Results are expected from its first drilling programme any day now. Be aware – a lot of good news is already priced in. The stock is up 500% this year. If the results are good, it will go up even more – perhaps not by another 500%, but still by a lot. If the results are bad, it won’t.

But watch this space. The helium mania is still young. If we see, by this time next year, ten listed helium stocks, we will know it’s time to make for the exit. In the meantime, let’s hope that helium does what it’s known to do: go up!

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