Recent action on the foreign exchanges has been perverse. The lower a central bank's interest rate, the better it was for its currency. Adrian Ash explains what's going on, and what it means for investors.
Of six central banks voting on interest rates last week, only the European Central Bank in Frankfurt failed to reduce its cost of money to either record or multi-year lows, holding rates steady at 2.0%.
The market's reaction? Forex traders trashed the euro vs. those currencies now paying way less than inflation.
The result for Eurozone investors? Gold leapt to a new record high by the PM Gold Fix in London, recording a new all-time high above €719 an ounce.
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Big picture? That puts the gold price right back at its long-term high for European cash savers, as measured by the old pre-euro war-horse, the lost and lamented Deutsche mark.
Gold in 2009 has already hit new record highs for Australian, Canadian, Indian and even Swiss buyers.
British gold buyers saw the price surge to £662 an ounce in January up by 100% from just 18 months earlier. Because as sterling slid on the forex market, gold proved itself as the ultimate hedge amid a currency crisis.
Now the euro looks ripe for coming under 'speculative attack' from currency traders trying to get even. The dollar-yen shock starting in summer 2008 whacked pretty much all asset classes. But the biggest losers by far were those currency gamblers still backing the favourites.
During the previous half-decade, the interest-rate gap had paid time and again. Sell the dollar and dump the yen! in exchange for anything bearing a strong or rising interest rate payment. But the bottom fell out of this strategy in mid-2008. Racing first to the bottom, the Japanese yen (zero-hour: May 2001) was then first out of the blocks when debt needed redemption, and currency gamblers all scrambled to cover their shorts. Close on its tail came the almighty dollar (zero-hour: Dec. 2008)...and thus a new form-guide emerged amongst currency traders.
Low yield good, zero yield better. Because in a world of deflation, destroying savers and cutting debt-service costs might just help spark an economic recovery.
That's why, when the Czech central bank slashed its interest rates to an all-time low, the Czech koruna actually bounced vs. the euro;
That's why last week's 100-basis point cut to South African rates worked to stem the slide in the rand now trading one-third below its US-dollar value of last February, despite paying fully 1,050 basis points more;
That's why, last Thursday in London, the Bank of England took its base rate further into record-low territory at 1.0%... currency traders pushed sterling to a two-week high above $1.4650;
That's why last Tuesday, when the Reserve Bank of Australia cut its interest rate to a 45-year low, the Aussie dollar bounced from near six-year lows in response;
That's why last Wednesday, after the central bank of Norway cut its target interest rate by 50 basis points to 2.50%, the Norwegian krone turned higher after losing one-third of its value vs. the dollar since July last year;
And that's also why, on Thursday when the world's number two behind the Fed, the European Central Bank (ECB), opted to keep its rates flat the euro lost 2 from this week's high to trade below $1.2850... despite paying returns to cash fully 200 basis points above the dollar.
Priced in euros, the value of gold which yields nothing already, but also carries no counter-party or inflation risk rose to €720 an ounce, more than 14% higher for 2009 to date.
In short, Thursday's foreign exchange action confirms the currency markets' perverse verdict on falling premiums. First seen last year as the US Fed and Bank of Japan cut their rates to zero and their currencies leapt, this deflation-bent view of lower interest rates says that rewarding savers rather than debtors is beneficial to a currency's future. Whereas failing to cut is a negative.
So if we were in the business here at BullionVault of making short-term calls on the currency markets (which we're not; we just enable private individuals to buy and sell gold), we'd expect the euro to suffer right up until the ECB next meets in March.... or until currency traders start taking ECB chief Jean-Claude Trichet at his word and begin pricing in record-low Eurozone rates ahead.
"I don't exclude that we could reduce interest rates at our next decision," Trichet told a new conference after last week's 'No change' decision.
Asked whether he'll go for a half- or quarter-point cut, M.Trichet replied "It would probably more be the first figure."
You tell 'em Jean-Claude... and you tell 'em straight!
But once the euro starts paying "probably more" like zero than anything better, what next for the currency markets to kick around? The yen...? The dollar...? Everything and everyone all at once...?
In this race to the bottom which even the "inflation-vigilant" European Bank now says it will join private investors with something to lose might want to get a jump on the currencies, and move straight into zero-yielding Gold Bullion.
After all, gold has already proven its value as a "currency crisis" defence for UK investors this year. And if all currencies tipped into crisis together, we'd guess that defence would soon trade sharply higher from here.
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Adrian has written all things gold related from if it’s worth buying, what the real price of gold should be and what’s the point of gold for MoneyWeek. He has also written for other leading money titles on his gold expertise including Business Insider, Forbes, City A.M, Yahoo Finance and What Investment Magazine. Now Adrian is head of the research desk at BullionVault, a physical market for gold and silver for private investors online.
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