Avoiding a run on your fund

published 1 July 2019

Neil Woodford's woes with liquidity (see box below) have hogged the limelight recently. But this week, another albeit less well-known fund manager experienced his own liquidity-related panic. London-based H2O Asset Management, owned by French bank Natixis, operates a range of funds, with more than €30bn in assets under management (AUM) as of the end of April. However, early last week, an investigation by Robert Smith and Cynthia O'Murchu of the FT Alphaville blog into the holdings of six of the funds (all open to retail investors), effectively sparked a run.

Alphaville found that between them, the funds held about €1.4bn of "highly illiquid" bonds issued by firms owned by the "enigmatic and flamboyant German financier Lars Windhorst", who has a pretty colourful past. Apparently as a result of this FT investigation, fund researcher Morningstar suspended its rating on one of the H2O funds ("Allegro"), due to concerns about the liquidity of said bonds. That, in turn, sparked an exodus by investors.

H2O does appear to have acted quickly to sell out of a large chunk of the offending bonds and to write down the value of those it still holds, noting "that the aggregate value of the illiquid bonds is now below 2% of its assets under management," according to the FT. And yet between them the six funds in question shed more than €5m in value about 30% of their combined AUM by the middle of this week.

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This, of course, is annoying if you own one of these funds particularly as they had a pretty good record up until now but what should other investors take from it? We've now seen Woodford, H2O, and a similar blow-up at Swiss asset manager GAM last year. Is this a systemic issue? One problem is that low interest rates and tough competition from passive alternatives have put pressure on active managers to take more risk. That can often mean trading in illiquid assets.

And while there are rules on the proportion of illiquid assets that a so-called UCITS fund aimed at retail investors can hold, these don't always help. If you are hard up against the 10% limit, and someone then withdraws from your fund, the cash will need to come from the liquid 90%, but pure arithmetic means this will push the illiquid chunk above 10%. So in short, we wouldn't be surprised to see other funds experience similar issues. What can you do? Liquidity is less of an issue for closed-ended funds like investment trusts, although you may have to sell at a steep discount (just look at Patient Capital Trust). But overall, the key is to make sure you understand what you own and don't buy anything until you do.

The level of liquidity in a market can vary widely for all but the most liquid assets, it's wise to assume that it will dry up at the worst possible times. In times of turmoil it may even evaporate altogether. For example, one big problem in the lead up to the 2008 financial crisis was that liquidity in the market for securities backed by subprime mortgages dried up entirely, and the securities were essentially unsellable.

John Stepek is a senior reporter at Bloomberg News and a former editor of MoneyWeek magazine. He graduated from Strathclyde University with a degree in psychology in 1996 and has always been fascinated by the gap between the way the market works in theory and the way it works in practice, and by how our deep-rooted instincts work against our best interests as investors.

He started out in journalism by writing articles about the specific business challenges facing family firms. In 2003, he took a job on the finance desk of Teletext, where he spent two years covering the markets and breaking financial news.

His work has been published in Families in Business, Shares magazine, Spear's Magazine, The Sunday Times, and The Spectator among others. He has also appeared as an expert commentator on BBC Radio 4's Today programme, BBC Radio Scotland, Newsnight, Daily Politics and Bloomberg. His first book, on contrarian investing, The Sceptical Investor, was released in March 2019. You can follow John on Twitter at @john_stepek.