10 August 1842: Mines Act bans women and children from working underground

The Mines and Collieries Act was passed on this day in 1842, forbidding any female, and any child below the age of ten, from working underground in the mines.

Child miners © Oxford Science Archive/Print Collector/Getty Images
After 1842, no child under the age of ten was allowed to work underground
(Image credit: © Oxford Science Archive/Print Collector/Getty Images)

We're all for free enterprise here at MoneyWeek. But occasionally it's nice to be reminded that when capitalism is allowed to run totally unchecked, you can end up with small children working in incredibly dangerous jobs for very little pay.

Thus it was in the Britain of the industrial revolution.

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Ben Judge

Ben studied modern languages at London University's Queen Mary College. After dabbling unhappily in local government finance for a while, he went to work for The Scotsman newspaper in Edinburgh. The launch of the paper's website, scotsman.com, in the early years of the dotcom craze, saw Ben move online to manage the Business and Motors channels before becoming deputy editor with responsibility for all aspects of online production for The Scotsman, Scotland on Sunday and the Edinburgh Evening News websites, along with the papers' Edinburgh Festivals website.

Ben joined MoneyWeek as website editor in 2008, just as the Great Financial Crisis was brewing. He has written extensively for the website and magazine, with a particular emphasis on alternative finance and fintech, including blockchain and bitcoin. 

As an early adopter of bitcoin, Ben bought when the price was under $200, but went on to spend it all on foolish fripperies.