Earnings per share is seen as one of the best means of determining a share's true price, as it shows how much of a firm's profits (after tax) each shareholder owns.
It is calculated by dividing a company's net earnings by the number of shares issued, and is most often used as a means of comparing one company with another, assuming that they are in the same industry. So if a company had net earnings of £1,000 with 200 shares issued, it would have an EPS of five.
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See Tim Bennett's video tutorial: Beginner's guide to investing: earnings per share.
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