Britain's economy set for a lost decade

Get set for "more cuts, more pain, more borrowing", said The Independent. Chancellor George Osborne's autumn statement was unrelentingly bleak. He had hoped to eliminate the structural budget deficit by 2014/2015, as projected in the March budget. But he will now need a further two years of austerity to reach his target. Public-sector job losses are expected to reach 710,000, up from an initial forecast of 400,000. Britain will have to borrow £111bn, or 7% of GDP, more than expected over the next five years, and public debt is set to peak at 78% of GDP, not 70.5%.

This reflects much weaker growth over the next few years. The Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) almost halved its growth forecast for this year to 0.9% and cut its estimate for 2012 from 2.5% to 0.7%. All told, the economy will be 3.5% smaller in 2016 than the OBR previously thought, and not much bigger than in 2007.

What the commentators said

Osborne found some money to spend on infrastructure by making further cuts to current spending, such as public-sector pay. But we're only talking about £4bn over the next three years, around a third of 1% of GDP, said Roger Bootle in The Daily Telegraph. There were various other well-trailed initiatives, including the plan to help small businesses access loans. This just reflected the "gimmicks characteristic of all governments under stress", said Martin Wolf in the FT. It all almost added up to "Gordon Brown's levels of initiativitis'. Yet the ideas are fairly small beer." The big picture is that "the UK is set for a lost decade".

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So why is growth so poor? Largely because high inflation has made people feel poorer, denting consumption. But there's another problem. The OBR's estimate of spare capacity is now lower, meaning that the economy's growth potential, or speed limit the amount it can grow without sparking inflation is also lower. "This all sounds gloomy enough," said Patrick Hosking in The Times. But "it is based on the premise that the eurozone crisis is tackled in an orderly manner". Ructions from a European meltdown would make the outlook "dramatically worse".

Even without a euro meltdown, the OBR is still being "ridiculously over-optimistic", said Allister Heath in City AM. It expects growth of 2.7% in 2014 and 3% in 2015. "Forget it." There's "far too much private-sector deleveraging to do and the economy is too tied up in red tape and incentive-destroying taxes".

So the debt targets could well slip, endangering our credit rating and heralding yet more austerity and misery. We enjoyed the longest uninterrupted boom in history up to 2007, said Jeremy Warner in The Daily Telegraph. "Boy, are we now being made to pay for it."