Trade conflict risks igniting currency war
China’s currency fell to an 11-year low against the US dollar, prompting US authorities to brand the country a currency manipulator.
"Every now and then, August belies its reputation as a sleepy month," saysLarry Elliott in The Guardian. Last week, China's currency (the yuan, or renminbi) fell to an 11-year low against the US dollar, tumbling through the level of seven-to-the-dollar, previously regarded as a "line in the sand". That prompted US authorities to brand the country a "currency manipulator" for the first time since 1994.
There is now talk of a "currency war", says Jill Treanor on BBC News whereby nations competitively devalue their currencies to boost exports. There are signs that this game of "beggar-thy-neighbour" has already begun. Last week brought interest-rate cuts from central banks in New Zealand, Thailand and India (see opposite). Cuts tend to weaken currencies because they prompt investors to look elsewhere for a better return.
Currency contagion and the 1930s
It's certainly another headache for investors, says Mark Atherton inThe Times. Renminbi weakness carries the risk of a "deflationary shock being sent around the world as markets are flooded with cheap Chinese goods". The worsening trade dispute is also likely to spell trouble for big US brands such as Apple and Walmart. "China's billion-strong army of consumers can make or break any foreign brand selling in their country."
The yuan's fall has "revived memories" of August 2015, when a surprise mini-devaluation panicked markets, saysSteven Russolillo in The Wall Street Journal. "Hundreds of billions of dollars" left China in the aftermath as citizens and companies moved funds offshore.
The trade war is getting uglier
That said, fear of renewed capital flight is likely to prevent China from pursuing a bigger fall in the yuan, notes Russolillo. "Any further sell off could also create problems for Chinese property developers" and conglomerates, which have loaded up on overseas debt, but must pay it back with yuan-based earnings.
A disorderly rout is unlikely, agrees Arthur Kroeber of Gavekal Research. "At the risk of splitting hairs," recent weakness should be seen as a depreciation rather than a devaluation, driven by genuine market forces rather than official fiat. Nevertheless, the risk is that, despite this week's tariff reprieve, "the US and China are close to throwing in the towel on a trade deal".