When paper gold is not enough

published 24 January 2014

I talk a lot about "strong demand for gold". It's a crucial part of my investment case for investing in miners. For example, I recently covered research from Sprott Asset Management which shows that gold demand is hugely understated by the official figures.

In an open letter to the World Gold Council, Sprott said, "demand statistics reported by the World Gold Council (WGC) consistently misrepresent reality, mostly with regard to demand from Asia".

So what does this "demand from Asia" look like? Who's buying all this gold?

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Well, India is the world's second largest consumer of gold. Today I want to show you what's happening there. And what it means for your investments.

As I'm sure you're aware, gold is held in very high regard throughout India. Like here, gold is an important asset class. But it goes deeper than that. Gold is an important part of Indian culture. It's used a lot in weddings and other ceremonies.

Gold and the Indian economy

In fact, demand is so strong that gold imports have been blamed for India's huge current account deficit. A current account deficit is created when a country imports more than it exports. That puts downward pressure on the value of its currency. And a weak currency hits consumers with inflation and more expensive imports.

Indian rupee / US dollar exchange rate

Source:www.xe.com

Indian gold imports accounted for a staggering $56.8bn of their $88bn current account deficit in 2013. That made gold a natural target for the government. They gave gold both barrels, imposing a highly punitive import duty. The duty on gold jewellery has now risen from 2% in January 2012 to the current level of 15%.

Has this quashed demand? Absolutely not. Indians only want the physical metal and are prepared to pay over the odds for it, even if it results in smuggling which is now reaching epidemic proportions.

"Haresh Soni, Chairman of the All India Gems and Jewellery Trade Federation, which represents over 300,000 jewellers in the country, said that there was a pressing need to relax the curbs as the industry had witnessed a massive spurt in gold smuggling. He added that the industry had lost over 30% business in the last six months."

The combination of this punitive tax and smuggling has resulted in Indians paying over a 20% premiumabove the increasingly irrelevant paper price to get their hands on the real thing.

Source:www.goldchartsrus.com

It's a great example of what happens when paper gold is not enough and the general public the 'retail' market start clamouring for it. When the rest of the 'retail world' starts waking up to the importance of gold then this premium could move dramatically. And that would further undermine the paper market.

This article was first published on 20/10/2013 in the Metals and Miners newsletter.

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Simon is an expert in investing in gold and commodities which he shares for our MoneyWeek readers. He studied at the University of Surrey where he achieved a business degree and a marketing diploma. After taking his studies further and doing an MBA at Birmingham University, Simon was the first MBA student offered an internship in the U.S. Since then, Simon has been a part of the Senior Banker team at ABN Amro where he became the founding member of their Financial Sponsors team, and then joined Strutt and Parker Financial Services where he was appointed as Head of Investment Management. He also became a director at one of the world’s biggest private property companies, Topland. Simon Popple has written for MoneyWeek and Agora Financial.